See claustrum on Wiktionary
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-", "4": "*-trom" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "claustrum", "4": "", "5": "a bolt, bar" }, "expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from Latin claustrum (“a bolt, bar”)", "name": "ubor" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "cloister" }, "expansion": "Doublet of cloister", "name": "doublet" } ], "etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from Latin claustrum (“a bolt, bar”). Doublet of cloister.", "forms": [ { "form": "claustra", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "claustra" }, "expansion": "claustrum (plural claustra)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Finnish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Italian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Latin translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Polish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Neuroanatomy", "orig": "en:Neuroanatomy", "parents": [ "Anatomy", "Neurology", "Neuroscience", "Biology", "Medicine", "Sciences", "Healthcare", "All topics", "Health", "Fundamental", "Body" ], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "38 1 3 27 4 26 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "30 1 2 33 2 31 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "text": "For quotations using this term, see Citations:claustrum." } ], "glosses": [ "A thin, irregular sheet of grey matter underneath the inner part of the neocortex on both sides of the brains of mammals; its exact function is not understood, but it is believed to facilitate coordination between senses" ], "id": "en-claustrum-en-noun-6Y4HuGtk", "links": [ [ "neuroanatomy", "neuroanatomy" ], [ "grey matter", "grey matter" ], [ "neocortex", "neocortex" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(neuroanatomy) A thin, irregular sheet of grey matter underneath the inner part of the neocortex on both sides of the brains of mammals; its exact function is not understood, but it is believed to facilitate coordination between senses" ], "related": [ { "word": "claustral" }, { "word": "claustrophobia" }, { "word": "claustrophilia" } ], "topics": [ "anatomy", "medicine", "neuroanatomy", "neurology", "neuroscience", "sciences" ], "translations": [ { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "sheet of grey matter", "word": "aivomuuri" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "sheet of grey matter", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Vormauer" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "sheet of grey matter", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Claustrum" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "sheet of grey matter", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "claustro" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "sheet of grey matter", "tags": [ "New-Latin", "neuter" ], "word": "claustrum" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "sheet of grey matter", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "przedmurze" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ográda", "sense": "sheet of grey matter", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "огра́да" } ], "wikipedia": [ "claustrum" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈklɔːstɹəm/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] } ], "word": "claustrum" } { "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "VL.", "2": "*clostrum" }, "expansion": "Vulgar Latin: *clostrum", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Vulgar Latin: *clostrum" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "it", "2": "chiostro", "3": "chiostra" }, "expansion": "Italian: chiostro, chiostra", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Italian: chiostro, chiostra" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fro", "2": "cloistre" }, "expansion": "Old French: cloistre\nMiddle French: cloistre\nFrench: cloître\n→ Russian: клуа́тр (kluátr)\n→ Ukrainian: клуа́тр (kluátr)\n→ Middle English: cloistre, cloister, closter, cloystre, cloyster, clostre, cloistir, cleystir, cloysture\nEnglish: cloister\nScots: closter (< closter)", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old French: cloistre\nMiddle French: cloistre\nFrench: cloître\n→ Russian: клуа́тр (kluátr)\n→ Ukrainian: клуа́тр (kluátr)\n→ Middle English: cloistre, cloister, closter, cloystre, cloyster, clostre, cloistir, cleystir, cloysture\nEnglish: cloister\nScots: closter (< closter)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pro" }, "expansion": "Old Occitan:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Occitan:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "oc", "2": "clastra" }, "expansion": "Occitan: clastra", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Occitan: clastra" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Rhaeto-Romance:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fur", "2": "clustris" }, "expansion": "Friulian: clustris", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Friulian: clustris" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rm", "2": "clostra" }, "expansion": "Romansch: clostra", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Romansch: clostra" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "vec", "2": "giostro" }, "expansion": "Venetian: giostro", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Venetian: giostro" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ca", "2": "claustre", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Catalan: claustre", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Catalan: claustre" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "claustrum", "3": "claustral", "4": "claustrophobia", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ English: claustrum, claustral, claustrophobia", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ English: claustrum, claustral, claustrophobia" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fur", "2": "claustri", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Friulian: claustri", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Friulian: claustri" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gl", "2": "claustro", "3": "caustra", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Galician: claustro, caustra", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "semi-learned" }, "expansion": "(semi-learned)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "→ Galician: claustro, caustra (semi-learned)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hu", "2": "klastrum", "3": "kalastorom", "4": "kolostor", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Hungarian: klastrum, kalastorom, kolostor", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Hungarian: klastrum, kalastorom, kolostor" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "it", "2": "claustro", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Italian: claustro", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Italian: claustro" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "klaustr", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Old Norse: klaustr", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Old Norse: klaustr" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "klaustur" }, "expansion": "Icelandic: klaustur", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Icelandic: klaustur" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fo", "2": "kleystur" }, "expansion": "Faroese: kleystur", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Faroese: kleystur" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "no", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Norwegian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Norwegian: kloster" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-osw", "2": "kloster", "3": "kløster" }, "expansion": "Old Swedish: kloster, kløster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Swedish: kloster, kløster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "kloster" }, "expansion": "Swedish: kloster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Swedish: kloster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "luostari", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Finnish: luostari", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Finnish: luostari" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "da", "2": "kloster" }, "expansion": "Danish: kloster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Danish: kloster" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "claustrum", "3": "klaustrum", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Polish: claustrum, klaustrum", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Polish: claustrum, klaustrum" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pt", "2": "claustro", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Portuguese: claustro", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Portuguese: claustro" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ro", "2": "claustru", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Romanian: claustru", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Romanian: claustru" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rm", "2": "claustra", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Romansch: claustra", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Romansch: claustra" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "es", "2": "claustro", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Spanish: claustro", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Spanish: claustro" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "West Germanic languages (borrowed post-Proto-West Germanic):" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "clauster", "3": "clūstor", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Old English: clauster, clūstor", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Old English: clauster, clūstor" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ofs", "2": "klāster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Old Frisian: klāster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Old Frisian: klāster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fy", "2": "kleaster" }, "expansion": "West Frisian: kleaster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "West Frisian: kleaster" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "*klōstar", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Old Saxon: *klōstar", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Old Saxon: *klōstar" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gml", "2": "klôster" }, "expansion": "Middle Low German: klôster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle Low German: klôster" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pdt", "2": "Kloosta" }, "expansion": "Plautdietsch: Kloosta", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Plautdietsch: Kloosta" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "et", "2": "klooster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Estonian: klooster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Estonian: klooster" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "lv", "2": "klosteris", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Latvian: klosteris", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Latvian: klosteris" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "odt", "2": "*clōster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Old Dutch: *clōster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Old Dutch: *clōster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dum", "2": "clôoster" }, "expansion": "Middle Dutch: clôoster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle Dutch: clôoster" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "klooster" }, "expansion": "Dutch: klooster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Dutch: klooster" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "li", "2": "kloeaster" }, "expansion": "Limburgish: kloeaster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Limburgish: kloeaster" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "klōstar", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Old High German: klōstar", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Old High German: klōstar" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmh", "2": "klōster" }, "expansion": "Middle High German: klōster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle High German: klōster" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gsw", "2": "Chlooster" }, "expansion": "Alemannic German: Chlooster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Alemannic German: Chlooster" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "bar", "2": "Klosta" }, "expansion": "Bavarian: Klosta", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Bavarian: Klosta" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Kloster" }, "expansion": "German: Kloster\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: клоштер, клоштар\nLatin script: klošter", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "German: Kloster\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: клоштер, клоштар\nLatin script: klošter" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "lb", "2": "Klouschter" }, "expansion": "Luxembourgish: Klouschter", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Luxembourgish: Klouschter" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cs", "2": "klášter", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Czech: klášter\n→ Polish: klasztor", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "→ Czech: klášter\n→ Polish: klasztor" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sk", "2": "kláštor", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Slovak: kláštor", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Slovak: kláštor" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "claudo", "3": "trum", "alt1": "claud-", "gloss1": "to close, enclose" }, "expansion": "claud- (“to close, enclose”) + -trum", "name": "suffix" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*kleh₂u-", "4": "*kleh₂ud-", "5": "key, hook, nail" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂ud- (“key, hook, nail”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "clāvis", "3": "", "4": "key" }, "expansion": "Latin clāvis (“key”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "κλείς", "3": "", "4": "bar, bolt, key" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "sliozan", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock" }, "expansion": "Old High German sliozan (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "slūtan", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon slūtan (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Consists of claud- (“to close, enclose”) + -trum.\nFrom Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂ud- (“key, hook, nail”) + *-trom (“instrumental suffix”), related to Latin clāvis (“key”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), Old High German sliozan (“to close, conclude, lock”), Old Saxon slūtan (“to close, conclude, lock”).", "forms": [ { "form": "claustrī", "tags": [ "genitive" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "la-ndecl", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "claustrum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "claustra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "claustrī", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "claustrōrum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "claustrō", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "claustrīs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "claustrum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "claustra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "claustrō", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "claustrīs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "claustrum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "claustra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "claustrum<2>" }, "expansion": "claustrum n (genitive claustrī); second declension", "name": "la-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "claustrum<2>" }, "name": "la-ndecl" } ], "lang": "Latin", "lang_code": "la", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "claudō" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "claustra" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "clāvis" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "clāvus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "claustrālis" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "claustrāliter" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "a bar, band, bolt" ], "id": "en-claustrum-la-noun-N06zSDme", "links": [ [ "bar", "bar" ], [ "band", "band" ], [ "bolt", "bolt" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(rare, usually in the plural) a bar, band, bolt" ], "tags": [ "declension-2", "neuter", "plural-normally", "rare" ] }, { "glosses": [ "gate, door, bulwark" ], "id": "en-claustrum-la-noun-aYTZADAx", "links": [ [ "gate", "gate" ], [ "door", "door" ], [ "bulwark", "bulwark" ] ], "tags": [ "declension-2", "neuter" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "30 1 2 33 2 31 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "1 2 48 3 42 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "2 7 38 8 38 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Latin terms suffixed with -trum", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "2 2 43 24 26 4", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "la", "name": "Christianity", "orig": "la:Christianity", "parents": [ "Abrahamism", "Religion", "Culture", "Society", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "1 1 47 20 29 2", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "la", "name": "Monasticism", "orig": "la:Monasticism", "parents": [ "Religion", "Culture", "Society", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "enclosure (confined space)" ], "id": "en-claustrum-la-noun-2yqy3Hcr", "links": [ [ "enclosure", "enclosure" ] ], "tags": [ "declension-2", "neuter" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "6 9 11 34 13 27", "kind": "other", "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "cloister (especially in plural)" ], "id": "en-claustrum-la-noun-5U~L59GV", "links": [ [ "cloister", "cloister" ] ], "tags": [ "declension-2", "neuter" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Medieval Latin", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "30 1 2 33 2 31 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "1 2 48 3 42 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "2 7 38 8 38 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Latin terms suffixed with -trum", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "portion of monastery closed off to laity" ], "id": "en-claustrum-la-noun-pL-0e5Us", "links": [ [ "monastery", "monastery" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Medieval Latin) portion of monastery closed off to laity" ], "tags": [ "Medieval-Latin", "declension-2", "neuter" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "New Latin", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "la", "name": "Body parts", "orig": "la:Body parts", "parents": [ "Body", "Anatomy", "All topics", "Biology", "Medicine", "Fundamental", "Sciences", "Healthcare", "Health" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "claustrum (thin lamina of grey matter in each cerebral hemisphere of the human brain)" ], "id": "en-claustrum-la-noun-g8glP4kJ", "links": [ [ "claustrum", "#English" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(New Latin) claustrum (thin lamina of grey matter in each cerebral hemisphere of the human brain)" ], "tags": [ "New-Latin", "declension-2", "neuter" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈklau̯s.trum/", "tags": [ "Classical-Latin" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈkɫ̪äu̯s̠t̪rʊ̃ˑ]", "tags": [ "Classical-Latin" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈklau̯s.trum/", "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical" }, { "ipa": "[ˈkläu̯st̪rum]", "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical" } ], "word": "claustrum" }
{ "categories": [ "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "la:Christianity", "la:Monasticism" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-", "4": "*-trom" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "claustrum", "4": "", "5": "a bolt, bar" }, "expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from Latin claustrum (“a bolt, bar”)", "name": "ubor" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "cloister" }, "expansion": "Doublet of cloister", "name": "doublet" } ], "etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from Latin claustrum (“a bolt, bar”). Doublet of cloister.", "forms": [ { "form": "claustra", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "claustra" }, "expansion": "claustrum (plural claustra)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "claustral" }, { "word": "claustrophobia" }, { "word": "claustrophilia" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English nouns with irregular plurals", "English terms borrowed from Latin", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *-trom", "English unadapted borrowings from Latin", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "en:Neuroanatomy" ], "examples": [ { "text": "For quotations using this term, see Citations:claustrum." } ], "glosses": [ "A thin, irregular sheet of grey matter underneath the inner part of the neocortex on both sides of the brains of mammals; its exact function is not understood, but it is believed to facilitate coordination between senses" ], "links": [ [ "neuroanatomy", "neuroanatomy" ], [ "grey matter", "grey matter" ], [ "neocortex", "neocortex" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(neuroanatomy) A thin, irregular sheet of grey matter underneath the inner part of the neocortex on both sides of the brains of mammals; its exact function is not understood, but it is believed to facilitate coordination between senses" ], "topics": [ "anatomy", "medicine", "neuroanatomy", "neurology", "neuroscience", "sciences" ], "wikipedia": [ "claustrum" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈklɔːstɹəm/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] } ], "translations": [ { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "sheet of grey matter", "word": "aivomuuri" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "sheet of grey matter", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Vormauer" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "sheet of grey matter", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Claustrum" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "sheet of grey matter", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "claustro" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "sheet of grey matter", "tags": [ "New-Latin", "neuter" ], "word": "claustrum" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "sheet of grey matter", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "przedmurze" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ográda", "sense": "sheet of grey matter", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "огра́да" } ], "word": "claustrum" } { "categories": [ "Latin 2-syllable words", "Latin entries with incorrect language header", "Latin lemmas", "Latin neuter nouns", "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension", "Latin nouns", "Latin second declension nouns", "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "Latin terms suffixed with -trum", "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "la:Christianity", "la:Monasticism" ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "VL.", "2": "*clostrum" }, "expansion": "Vulgar Latin: *clostrum", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Vulgar Latin: *clostrum" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "it", "2": "chiostro", "3": "chiostra" }, "expansion": "Italian: chiostro, chiostra", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Italian: chiostro, chiostra" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fro", "2": "cloistre" }, "expansion": "Old French: cloistre\nMiddle French: cloistre\nFrench: cloître\n→ Russian: клуа́тр (kluátr)\n→ Ukrainian: клуа́тр (kluátr)\n→ Middle English: cloistre, cloister, closter, cloystre, cloyster, clostre, cloistir, cleystir, cloysture\nEnglish: cloister\nScots: closter (< closter)", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old French: cloistre\nMiddle French: cloistre\nFrench: cloître\n→ Russian: клуа́тр (kluátr)\n→ Ukrainian: клуа́тр (kluátr)\n→ Middle English: cloistre, cloister, closter, cloystre, cloyster, clostre, cloistir, cleystir, cloysture\nEnglish: cloister\nScots: closter (< closter)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pro" }, "expansion": "Old Occitan:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Occitan:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "oc", "2": "clastra" }, "expansion": "Occitan: clastra", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Occitan: clastra" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Rhaeto-Romance:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fur", "2": "clustris" }, "expansion": "Friulian: clustris", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Friulian: clustris" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rm", "2": "clostra" }, "expansion": "Romansch: clostra", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Romansch: clostra" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "vec", "2": "giostro" }, "expansion": "Venetian: giostro", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Venetian: giostro" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ca", "2": "claustre", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Catalan: claustre", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Catalan: claustre" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "claustrum", "3": "claustral", "4": "claustrophobia", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ English: claustrum, claustral, claustrophobia", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ English: claustrum, claustral, claustrophobia" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fur", "2": "claustri", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Friulian: claustri", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Friulian: claustri" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gl", "2": "claustro", "3": "caustra", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Galician: claustro, caustra", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "semi-learned" }, "expansion": "(semi-learned)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "→ Galician: claustro, caustra (semi-learned)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hu", "2": "klastrum", "3": "kalastorom", "4": "kolostor", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Hungarian: klastrum, kalastorom, kolostor", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Hungarian: klastrum, kalastorom, kolostor" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "it", "2": "claustro", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Italian: claustro", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Italian: claustro" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "klaustr", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Old Norse: klaustr", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Old Norse: klaustr" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "klaustur" }, "expansion": "Icelandic: klaustur", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Icelandic: klaustur" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fo", "2": "kleystur" }, "expansion": "Faroese: kleystur", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Faroese: kleystur" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "no", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Norwegian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Norwegian: kloster" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-osw", "2": "kloster", "3": "kløster" }, "expansion": "Old Swedish: kloster, kløster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Swedish: kloster, kløster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "kloster" }, "expansion": "Swedish: kloster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Swedish: kloster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "luostari", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Finnish: luostari", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Finnish: luostari" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "da", "2": "kloster" }, "expansion": "Danish: kloster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Danish: kloster" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "claustrum", "3": "klaustrum", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Polish: claustrum, klaustrum", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Polish: claustrum, klaustrum" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pt", "2": "claustro", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Portuguese: claustro", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Portuguese: claustro" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ro", "2": "claustru", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Romanian: claustru", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Romanian: claustru" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rm", "2": "claustra", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Romansch: claustra", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Romansch: claustra" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "es", "2": "claustro", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Spanish: claustro", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Spanish: claustro" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "West Germanic languages (borrowed post-Proto-West Germanic):" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "clauster", "3": "clūstor", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Old English: clauster, clūstor", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Old English: clauster, clūstor" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ofs", "2": "klāster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Old Frisian: klāster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Old Frisian: klāster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fy", "2": "kleaster" }, "expansion": "West Frisian: kleaster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "West Frisian: kleaster" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "*klōstar", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Old Saxon: *klōstar", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Old Saxon: *klōstar" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gml", "2": "klôster" }, "expansion": "Middle Low German: klôster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle Low German: klôster" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pdt", "2": "Kloosta" }, "expansion": "Plautdietsch: Kloosta", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Plautdietsch: Kloosta" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "et", "2": "klooster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Estonian: klooster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Estonian: klooster" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "lv", "2": "klosteris", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Latvian: klosteris", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Latvian: klosteris" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "odt", "2": "*clōster", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Old Dutch: *clōster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Old Dutch: *clōster" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dum", "2": "clôoster" }, "expansion": "Middle Dutch: clôoster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle Dutch: clôoster" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "klooster" }, "expansion": "Dutch: klooster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Dutch: klooster" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "li", "2": "kloeaster" }, "expansion": "Limburgish: kloeaster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Limburgish: kloeaster" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "klōstar", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Old High German: klōstar", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Old High German: klōstar" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmh", "2": "klōster" }, "expansion": "Middle High German: klōster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle High German: klōster" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gsw", "2": "Chlooster" }, "expansion": "Alemannic German: Chlooster", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Alemannic German: Chlooster" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "bar", "2": "Klosta" }, "expansion": "Bavarian: Klosta", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Bavarian: Klosta" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Kloster" }, "expansion": "German: Kloster\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: клоштер, клоштар\nLatin script: klošter", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "German: Kloster\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: клоштер, клоштар\nLatin script: klošter" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "lb", "2": "Klouschter" }, "expansion": "Luxembourgish: Klouschter", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Luxembourgish: Klouschter" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cs", "2": "klášter", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Czech: klášter\n→ Polish: klasztor", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "→ Czech: klášter\n→ Polish: klasztor" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sk", "2": "kláštor", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Slovak: kláštor", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Slovak: kláštor" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "claudo", "3": "trum", "alt1": "claud-", "gloss1": "to close, enclose" }, "expansion": "claud- (“to close, enclose”) + -trum", "name": "suffix" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*kleh₂u-", "4": "*kleh₂ud-", "5": "key, hook, nail" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂ud- (“key, hook, nail”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "clāvis", "3": "", "4": "key" }, "expansion": "Latin clāvis (“key”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "κλείς", "3": "", "4": "bar, bolt, key" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "sliozan", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock" }, "expansion": "Old High German sliozan (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "slūtan", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon slūtan (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Consists of claud- (“to close, enclose”) + -trum.\nFrom Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂ud- (“key, hook, nail”) + *-trom (“instrumental suffix”), related to Latin clāvis (“key”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), Old High German sliozan (“to close, conclude, lock”), Old Saxon slūtan (“to close, conclude, lock”).", "forms": [ { "form": "claustrī", "tags": [ "genitive" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "la-ndecl", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "claustrum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "claustra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "claustrī", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "claustrōrum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "claustrō", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "claustrīs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "claustrum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "claustra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "claustrō", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "claustrīs", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "claustrum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "claustra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "claustrum<2>" }, "expansion": "claustrum n (genitive claustrī); second declension", "name": "la-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "claustrum<2>" }, "name": "la-ndecl" } ], "lang": "Latin", "lang_code": "la", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "claudō" }, { "word": "claustra" }, { "word": "clāvis" }, { "word": "clāvus" }, { "word": "claustrālis" }, { "word": "claustrāliter" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Latin terms with rare senses" ], "glosses": [ "a bar, band, bolt" ], "links": [ [ "bar", "bar" ], [ "band", "band" ], [ "bolt", "bolt" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(rare, usually in the plural) a bar, band, bolt" ], "tags": [ "declension-2", "neuter", "plural-normally", "rare" ] }, { "glosses": [ "gate, door, bulwark" ], "links": [ [ "gate", "gate" ], [ "door", "door" ], [ "bulwark", "bulwark" ] ], "tags": [ "declension-2", "neuter" ] }, { "glosses": [ "enclosure (confined space)" ], "links": [ [ "enclosure", "enclosure" ] ], "tags": [ "declension-2", "neuter" ] }, { "glosses": [ "cloister (especially in plural)" ], "links": [ [ "cloister", "cloister" ] ], "tags": [ "declension-2", "neuter" ] }, { "categories": [ "Medieval Latin" ], "glosses": [ "portion of monastery closed off to laity" ], "links": [ [ "monastery", "monastery" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Medieval Latin) portion of monastery closed off to laity" ], "tags": [ "Medieval-Latin", "declension-2", "neuter" ] }, { "categories": [ "New Latin", "la:Body parts" ], "glosses": [ "claustrum (thin lamina of grey matter in each cerebral hemisphere of the human brain)" ], "links": [ [ "claustrum", "#English" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(New Latin) claustrum (thin lamina of grey matter in each cerebral hemisphere of the human brain)" ], "tags": [ "New-Latin", "declension-2", "neuter" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈklau̯s.trum/", "tags": [ "Classical-Latin" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈkɫ̪äu̯s̠t̪rʊ̃ˑ]", "tags": [ "Classical-Latin" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈklau̯s.trum/", "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical" }, { "ipa": "[ˈkläu̯st̪rum]", "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical" } ], "word": "claustrum" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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